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The Range-Frequency Compromise in Judgment is an influential theory in cognitive psychology developed by Allen Parducci in the mid-1960s. Range-frequency is descriptive of how judgments reflect a compromise between a range principle that assigns each category to an equal subrange of contextual stimuli and a frequency principle that assigns each of the categories to the same number of contextual stimuli. Each judgment is a weighted average of what it would have been judged were it to follow just the range or just the frequency principle. A crucial deduction from the theory is that the mean of all judgments is proportionate to the skew of the frequency distribution of the context under which the judgment is made, assuming that the context is an unbiased representation of the stimuli that are judged. ==Parducci== Born in 1925 and educated at the University of Michigan (B.A. in Philosophy, 1949) and University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology, 1954), Professor Allen Parducci started his academic career at the University of Oregon and Swarthmore College before arriving at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1957, where he has remained ever since, becoming a Professor Emeritus in 1989. Influenced by his father from a young age, Allen Parducci has said that it was his father who believed that pleasure and pain must always be balanced, an insight which would later serve to be important to the development of Range-Frequency Theory. Parducci was an extremely influential cognitive psychologist, who conducted research on topics relating to happiness, psychophysical judgment scales, and experimental research on contextual effects. The essential idea behind his research on happiness, was, as he put it: ''"that the happy life is one in which the best of whatever is experienced comes relatively often''".〔 Happiness, according to Parducci, was entirely relative. The pleasantness of any one experience of happiness depended on its relationships to a context of other experiences, real or imagined. It is not to say much, as Parducci elaborated, that the same objective achievement is less pleasant when it falls short of one's goals and more pleasant when it exceeds those goals. This is how we, as human beings, understand that happiness is relative. What is difficult, however, is to apply this relativity principle to our own lives. Range-Frequency Theory articulates a psychological relativism for the study of what makes one happy. Psychological experiences of pleasure and pain are internal judgments but they follow the same contextual premises that subjects adhere to when giving ratings to stimuli presented in the laboratory. At the heart of a contextual theory of happiness is the assumption that pleasantness is a judgment where the underlying dimensions are degrees of freedom. Also important to consider is the term context, defined as the conceptual representation of a set of events (real or imagined) that determine the dimensional judgment of any particular event 〔Parducci 1995〕 Parducci posited that when a stimulus is rated alongside other stimuli, its rating will depend in part on where it ranks among the stimulus set. In two influential publications, Parducci provided a more nuanced delineation of the relationship between category judgment and different features of the stimulus context. Special emphasis was given to the psychological representation of the extreme values of a given distribution. Both his 1963 ''Psychological Monographs'' and 1965 ''Psychological Review'' publications introduced the field of psychology to Range Frequency Theory.〔Parducci 1963〕〔Parducci 1965〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Range-Frequency Theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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